What Do Steroids Do?
Steroids are chemical compounds that mimic the effects of natural hormones in the body. They can affect different systems depending on their type and purpose. There are two main categories of steroids: anabolic steroids and corticosteroids.
1. Anabolic Steroids
Anabolic steroids are synthetic versions of testosterone, the male hormone responsible for muscle growth and strength. They are often used to:
- Increase muscle mass: Anabolic steroids promote protein synthesis in cells, leading to faster muscle growth.
- Boost strength: By enhancing muscle fiber size, they improve physical performance.
- Accelerate recovery: They reduce the time needed for muscles to heal after exercise or injury.
Anabolic steroids are sometimes used illegally by athletes or bodybuilders, but medical applications include treating muscle loss caused by diseases like cancer or AIDS.
Risks of Anabolic Steroids:
- Hormonal imbalances (e.g., reduced natural testosterone production).
- Liver damage.
- Cardiovascular problems.
- Mood swings and aggressive behavior.
2. Corticosteroids
Corticosteroids are medicines that mimic cortisol, a hormone that controls inflammation and immune responses. Doctors prescribe them to:
- Reduce inflammation: Effective for treating conditions like asthma, arthritis, and allergies.
- Suppress immune system activity: Helpful for autoimmune diseases such as lupus or multiple sclerosis.
Corticosteroids are not the same as anabolic steroids and do not promote muscle growth.
Risks of Corticosteroids (Long-Term Use):
- Weak bones (osteoporosis).
- High blood pressure.
- Weight gain and fluid retention.
- Increased risk of infections.
Final Thoughts
Steroids serve important medical purposes but can have significant risks, especially when misused. Always consult a healthcare provider before using any form of steroids.
